第14章巴利
14. Cuddasamo paricchedo
色界定的修习解说注释巴利
Rūpāvacarasamādhibhāvanāniddesavaṇṇanā
789-93 “Hitānaya”的意思是带来利益。“Mānasañca sugata”的意思是善加运转的心。因为这部注释具有甜美的意义,所以叫“甜美义释”。“Uttaraṃ tu manussānaṃ, dhammato ñāṇadassana”的意思是:对人类来说,这是超越世间法的智见,也就是出世间智见。“Saṅkassarasamācāre”的意思是在令人疑惑、应当被忆念的行为中。“Acchiddaṃ akkhaṇḍaṃ akammāsaṃ”的意思是无穿孔、无破损、无斑秽。“Atthakāmena”的意思是以自利为欲求者。巴利
789-93.Hitānayanti hitāvahaṃ. Mānasañca sugatanti suṭṭhu pavattamānasañca. Madhurā atthavaṇṇanā etassāti madhuratthavaṇṇanaṃ. Uttaraṃ tu manussānaṃ, dhammato ñāṇadassananti manussānaṃ lokiyadhammato uttaribhūtañāṇadassanalokuttaraṃ. Saṅkassarasamācāreti saṅkāya kaṅkhāya saritabbasamācāre. Acchiddaṃ akkhaṇḍaṃ akammāsaṃ. Atthakāmenāti attano hitakāmena.
797 两种特征:行为特征与禁行特征。巴利
797.Duvidhalakkhaṇaṃ cārittavārittalakkhaṇaṃ.
805 他们那些行为的混合方式。巴利
805.Tesaṃ caritānaṃ vomissakanayā.
807 有色遍,就是青遍、黄遍、白遍、赤遍。巴利
807.Savaṇṇakasiṇāti nīlapītaodātalohitavaṇṇakasiṇā.
808 单一的入出息,也就是入息与出息。巴利
808. Taṃ ekakaṃ ānāpānaṃ assāsapassāso.
809-10 与死和寂止相应的念,就是死随念和寂止随念。依食之想,就是对食物的厌逆想。界差别,就是四界差别。巴利
809-10.Maraṇūpasamāyuttā satīti maraṇānussati upasamānussati. Āhāranissitasaññāti āhāre paṭikūlasaññā. Dhātuvavatthānanti catudhātuvavatthānaṃ.
811-2 “这些随顺一切行人的(业处)”已经解说了。意思是:凡是随顺信行人的业处,也同样随顺慧行人。不过,所有这些话,是因为它完全相反、完全对立、极为适合才说的,有智慧的人应当这样理解。巴利
811-2.Anukūlā ime sabba-caritānanti vaṇṇitāti yaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ saddhācaritassa anukūlaṃ, tameva paññācaritassa anukūlanti adhippāyo. Idaṃ sabbaṃ pana vacanaṃ ekantavipaccanīkabhāvato ekantapaṭipakkhabhāvato atisappāyato vuttaṃ, iti vibhāvinā ñeyyaṃ.
835 观成就和有成就的乐可以成为缘:观成就的乐可以成为有成就的乐的缘,有成就的乐可以成为观成就的乐的缘。巴利
835.Vipassanābhavasampatti-sukhānaṃ paccayā siyuṃ vipassanāsampattisukhānaṃ bhavasampattisukhānaṃ paccayā siyuṃ.
838 心念的依处是心脏,那个心脏就是它的依处。巴利
838.Sammaṭṭhānaṃmanobhunoti manobhuhadayo tassa hadayassa sammaṭṭhānaṃ.
844 想要证得遍的智者,应当修习遍。巴利
844. Pattukāmena dhīmatā kasiṇaṃ kattabbaṃ.
845 “可携带的”是指可以从这里带到那里的遍相。“那里固定的”是指在那个地方安住下来、不能从这里带到那里的遍相。巴利
845.Saṃhārimanti ito cito ca haritabbakasiṇaṃ. Tatraṭṭhakanti tasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhitaṃ ito cito ca anāharitabbaṃ kasiṇaṃ.
849 若做成非圆形则是错误的,想要涅槃的人应当把遍相做成一个一拃四指宽的圆形,这个遍相才合适。巴利
849.Vivaṭṭaṃ pana micchatāti nibbānaṃ icchantena vidatthicaturaṅgulaṃ vaṭṭaṃ kātuṃ taṃ kasiṇaṃ vaṭṭati.
851-2 从那个遍相圆盘算起,在一手长范围内的处所,即一拃四指高处。“面前之念”,就是朝向业处的念。巴利
851-2.Hatthapāsappamāṇasmiṃ, tamhā kasiṇamaṇḍalāti tato kasiṇamaṇḍalato hatthapāsappamāṇasmiṃ padese vidatthicaturaṅgule ucce. Parimukhaṃ satinti kammaṭṭhānābhimukhaṃ satiṃ.
853-4 “出离”就是禅那。我把它看作安稳之处,看清之后,通过这种修行,我一定会完全成为远离之乐和涅槃之乐的享有者。巴利
853-4.Nekkhammanti jhānaṃ. Khemato daṭṭhuṃ disvā ahaṃ imāya paṭipattiyā addhā ekantena pavivekasukhassa nibbānasukhassa bhāgī assaṃ bhaveyyaṃ.
856 修遍的修行者不应该盯着遍的颜色看,也不应该盯着遍的特征看,不舍弃以凸起之相而起的颜色。巴利
856. So kasiṇassa vaṇṇo tena yoginā na pekkhitabbo, kasiṇassa lakkhaṇaṃ na pekkhitabbaṃ ussadassa vasena vaṇṇaṃ amuñcitvā.
860 就这样,以刚才说的这种方式,当那位心一境、心专一的修行者闭上眼睛作意时,业处是以某种方式出现的;那么,即使在他睁开眼睛的时候,如果那个业处也以同样的方式来到眼前、呈现出来,这就只是取相,即取相本身。巴利
860.Evaṃ iminā vuttappakārena ekaggacetaso ekaggacittassa yogino nimīletvā āvajjantassa yathā yena pakārena kammaṭṭhānaṃ hoti ummīlite kālepi, tathā tena pakārena taṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ āpāthaṃ yāti ce yadi āgacchati, uggahameva uggahanimittaṃ.
864 洗脚的时候,为了避免戏论。一掌量,就是只有一掌那么大。巴利
864. Pādānaṃ dhovane papañcaparihāratthaṃ. Ekatalikāti ekatalamattā.
865 拿起那个可以移动的遍相。巴利
865.Taṃ saṃhārimaṃ kasiṇamādāya.
866 应当作意的意思是:要用善心把业处提起来,也就是要作意。寻所带动的意思是:由寻带来、接触之后,应当去做。巴利
866.Samannāharitabbanti kammaṭṭhānaṃ sumanena āharitabbaṃ, manasikātabbanti attho. Takkāhaṭanti vitakkena āhaṭaṃ phusitaṃ kare kareyya.
868 所谓“那”,就是指那个相。巴利
868.Tanti taṃ nimittaṃ.
871-4 “这个”是指似相,“前一个”是指取相。那这两者到底差在哪里呢?就像从袋子里拿出来、又擦干净的一面镜子;也像黑云中的白鹭。那时候,取相被打破之后才生起的,就是似相。它是从取相而来的。“那”就是指这个似相。它既有形状,也有颜色,并不只是现起的样子而已。“慧生”的意思是由慧而生起的。巴利
871-4.Imassāti paṭibhāganimittassa. Purimassāti uggahanimittassa. Ko pana ayaṃ viseso? Thavikā nīharitaṃ ādāsamaṇḍalaṃ majjitaṃ viya. Toyade kāḷameghe setabalākā viya. Tadā taṃ uggahanimittaṃ padāletvāva niggataṃ paṭibhāganimittaṃ. Tato uggahanimittato. Tanti taṃ paṭibhāganimittaṃ. Saṇṭhānavantañca vaṇṇavantañca na ca upaṭṭhākāramattaṃ. Paññajanti paññāya jātaṃ.
877-8 在近行刹那,是指那定的近行刹那。而在通过断除诸盖而获得定的刹那,则有寻等诸支显现出来,如此以两种方式。巴利
877-8.Upacārakkhaṇe tassāti tassa samādhino upacārakkhaṇe. Nīvaraṇappahānena samādhino paṭilābhakkhaṇe pana aṅgānaṃ vitakkādīnaṃ pātubhāvena iti dvīhi ākārehi.
879 两种定,就是近行定和安止定。巴利
879.Dvinnaṃsamādhīnanti upacārappanāsamādhīnaṃ.
882 就像转轮王胎里的宝珠一样,他凭这个才极其难得。巴利
882. Cakkavattiyagabbhova ratanaṃ viya assa anena sudullabhaṃ.
884 这是结生相续。巴利
884.Ayanti paṭisandhisanthāro.
891-2 精进的平等,就是精进处于均衡的状态。沉滞,就是萎靡低落的状态。心稍微像车子一样向前行进,那就是转向心。巴利
891-2.Samataṃ vīriyassevāti vīriyasamabhāvaṃ. Layaṃ līnabhāvaṃ īsakampi yantaṃ gacchantaṃ mānasaṃ āvajjanacittaṃ.
895-9 有分心被切断之后,瑜伽行者还是以那个地遍作为所缘,心就在意门生起。从“转向”开始,就在那个叫做地遍的所缘上,这位瑜伽行者生起四个或五个速行心。到最后,有一个速行心是色界的,在这个色界速行心里,寻等就是禅支。其他心的寻等,比起另一些心的寻等,力量更强。这些速行还没有达到安止的状态,从安止之心的遍作与近行来说,因为处在遍作的状态,所以叫“遍作”;从近行的角度来说,又叫“近行”。这些速行因为随顺于安止,所以也叫“随顺”。在这里面的随顺当中,最后一个速行,就叫做“种姓”。巴利
895-9. Bhavaṅgaṃ pana pacchijja ucchinditvā tadeva pathavīkasiṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā yogino manodvāramhi jāyati. Tatoti āvajjanato tatrevārammaṇe tasmiṃ pathavīkasiṇasaṅkhāte ārammaṇe tassa yogino javanāni cattāri vā pañca vā jāyante. Avasāne ekaṃ javanamānasaṃ rūpāvacarikaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ rūpāvacarike vitakkādayo aṅgā. Aññehi aññesaṃ cittānaṃ aññehi vitakkādīhi balavatarā honti. Tāni appanābhāvaṃ appattāni appanācetaso parikammopacārato parikammabhāvato parikammānīti vuccante, upacārabhāvato upacārānīti ca vuccante. Tāni javanāni appanāyānulomattā anulomāni eva ca vuccanti. Ettha anulomakesu yaṃ sabbantimaṃ javanaṃ, taṃ gotrabhūti pavuccati.
901 “种姓已见”已被指出,意思是“种姓”这个名称已经被开示出来了。巴利
901.Gotrabhu diṭṭhanti gotrabhu nāma uddiṭṭhaṃ.
904-5 前诸速行所累积的习行,获得并得到了强有力的缘之后,就推动第六个速行或第七个速行生起。这样的说法被宣说,在这个主张里,有一位名叫Godatta的阿毗达摩论师说道。断崖面者,就是面部如同断崖的人。巴利
904-5.Purimehi javanehi yaṃ āsevanaṃ, taṃ balavapaccayaṃ laddhā labhitvā chaṭṭhaṃ javanaṃ, sattamaṃ vā javanaṃ appeti. Iti vacanaṃ pavuccati, ettha vāde godatto nāma ābhidhammiko ācariyo āha. Chinnataṭe mukhaṃ yassa chinnataṭamukho.
908 以审察为因的转向,就是因审察而起的。巴利
908. Paccavekkhaṇā hetu yassa āvajjanassāti paccavekkhaṇahetukaṃ.
911-2 欲贪之心被种种不同的境界所吸引,而心专注于一种境界,这就是定。巴利
911-2. Kāmacchandassa nānāvisaye paluddhassa. Cetaso ekasmiṃ visaye samādhānena samādhi.
915 自身也极其寂静,这种乐是从与具不寂静自性的掉举和恶作两者相对立的角度,以及从自身极其寂静的角度来说的。巴利
915. Sayañca atisantato sukhaṃ avūpasantasabhāvassa uddhaccakukkuccadvayassa paṭipakkhato vuttaṃ.
917 与五支不相应,就是与五盖不相应。与五支相应,就是与寻等相应。巴利
917.Pañcaṅgavippayuttanti pañcanīvaraṇavippayuttaṃ. Pañcaṅgasaṃyutanti vitakkādīhi yuttaṃ.
920-1 “Vepulla”说的是业处的广大。而那个似相,要在审察近行之后,才适合让它增长。巴利
920-1.Vepullanti kammaṭṭhānassa vipulabhāvaṃ. Tañca paṭibhāganimittaṃ upacāraṃ vicāretvā vaḍḍhetuṃ vaṭṭati.
928-31 “放逸行者”是指因为放逸而修行的禅修者。当与欲相应的想、作意和注意在他心中生起时,这位禅修者的那个禅那就成为退分。当念安住于其中时,寂静的、随顺于那个初禅的念——与那个初禅相应、伴随着爱着、现前而安住——安住下来,那个禅那对于根性迟钝的禅修者就成为住分,也就是安住于住分。成为胜分,意思是达到更殊胜的第二禅等修习。与厌离相应的想、作意,就是与厌离观相应的想、作意。“通达分”是指属于出世间的部分,意思是属于出世间道的部分。巴利
928-31.Pamādayoginoti pamādavasena yogisampannassa kāmasahagatā saññāmanakkārā manasikārā ce caranti, tassa yogino taṃ jhānaṃ hānabhāgiyaṃ hoti. Sati santiṭṭhate tasmiṃ, santā tadanudhammatā tasmiṃ paṭhamajjhāne tadanudhammatā tassa paṭhamajjhānassa anurūpā sati nikanti santā saṃvijjamānā santiṭṭhate santiṭṭhati, taṃ jhānaṃ mandassa yogino ṭhitibhāgiyaṃ hoti, ṭhitiṃ bhajati. Visesabhāgiyaṃ hoti, visesaṃ dutiyādibhāvanaṃ pāpuṇātīti attho. Nibbidāsaṃyutāsaññā, manakkārāti nibbidāvipassanāsaṃyuttā saññāmanakkārā. Nibbedhabhāgiyanti lokuttarabhāgiyaṃ, lokuttaramaggabhāgiyanti attho.
933 这个等至接近不善所缘,也接近不善的寻,因为寻的粗重性;由于这个原因,这个等至的支分变得微弱。巴利
933. Ayaṃ samāpatti āsannākusalārayo āsannākusalārikā yasmā takkacārānaṃ thūlattā ca, tasmā kāraṇā ayaṃ samāpatti aṅgadubbalā.
935 贪爱就是渴爱。彻底耗尽就是令干涸。巴利
935.Nikantinti taṇhaṃ. Pariyādāyāti sosāpetvā.
936 “依规则”是指前面说过的规则。“具念者”是指具足念的人。巴利
936.Vidhināti pubbe vuttavidhinā. Satassāti satisampannassa.
938 所谓“相即是彼”,说的就是正在心里作意“地、地”之人的那个最初的相本身。巴利
938.Nimittaṃ tu tadeva cāti tameva paṭhamanimittaṃ ‘‘pathavī pathavī’’iti evaṃ manasā karontassa.
943 Sampasādana 就是信。Majjhatta 就是中舍性。巴利
943.Sampasādananti saddhā. Majjhattanti tatramajjhattatā.
944 “二支减除”是指缺少寻和伺。巴利
944.Duvaṅgahīnanti vitakkavicārahīnaṃ.
948 喜,就是心的雀跃、心的踊跃状态,这是从某个因由来说的。巴利
948. Pīti nāma cetaso cittassa uppilāpanaṃ uppilāpitattaṃ yato yasmā kāraṇā.
961-2 “近喜的过患”说的是:喜本身就是过患。在这里,也就是在第三禅中,心无论以哪种乐为所缘,都这样作意、注意。由于乐比较粗,所以这个等至的禅支就变得软弱。巴利
961-2.Āsannapītidosāti pītiyeva dosā. Ettha etasmiṃ tatiyajjhāne yadeva yaṃ eva sukhaṃ iti evaṃ sukhaṃ cetaso ābhogo manasikāro. Evaṃ iminā pakārena sukhassa thūlattā ayaṃ samāpatti aṅgadubbalā hoti.
974-5 乐并不能以舍为修习对象。因为对舍来说,并不存在修习;由于与舍俱行的速行心生起,所以第四禅被说成是与舍俱的。巴利
974-5. Sukhaṃ upekkhāya āsevanaṃ pana na hoti yasmā upekkhāya āsevanaṃ pana na hoti, yasmā upekkhāsahagatāni javanāni javanti, tasmā catutthajjhānaṃ upekkhāsahagataṃ samudīritaṃ.
976 第二禅以两种方式、两个部分而安住。巴利
976. Dutiyajjhānaṃ dvidhā dvīhi koṭṭhāsehi ṭhitaṃ.
979 这部《入阿毗达摩》的言辞极其甜美、殊胜,到底什么样的人会不被它打动呢?凡具有极为锐利、明净智慧运作的人,此书应当由这样的人去感受、去了知。巴利
979.Ayaṃ abhidhammāvatāro sumadhuravarataravacano kaṃ nu janaṃ neva rañjayati, atinisitavisado buddhippacāro yassa so atinisitavisadabuddhippacāro, so tena janena vedanīyo jānitabbo.